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Butterflies of Zihuatanejo

SUPERFAMILY PAPILIONOIDEA

-Animals (Kingdom Animalia)

-Arthropods (Phylum Arthropoda)

-Hexapods (Subphylum Hexapoda)

-Insects (Class Insecta)

-Winged and Once-winged Insects (Subclass Pterygota)

-Butterflies and Moths (Order Lepidoptera)

-Butterflies (Superfamily Papilionoidea)

-Gossamer-winged Butterflies (Family Lycaenidae)

-Hairstreaks (Subfamily Theclinae)

-Tribe Eumaeini

-Subtribe Strephonotina

-Genus Gargina

-Thoria Hairstreak (Gargina thoria)


The Thoria Hairstreak (Gargina thoria) is a small, modestly colored butterfly in the hairstreak group (Lycaenidae) that occurs from Mexico through Central America and into northern South America. The butterfly has dark brown upper wings and a patterned grayish-brown underside with fine pale lines, with the characteristic tiny tail-like extensions on the hindwings common to hairstreaks, which help mimic false “heads” to confuse predators. It tends to be cryptic and small, flying low in shaded woodlands and resting with its wings closed, making it subtle and easy to overlook unless closely observed.

Diet

  • Caterpillars: The larvae are associated with woody plants.

  • Adults: Feed on flower nectar and may also obtain nutrients from other plant-derived sources.

Range

  • The Thoria Hairstreak occurs from Mexico through Central America and southward into northern South America, reaching Venezuela and extending eastward through parts of the Guianas and Brazil.

  • Guerrero is within its Mexican range, and the species occurs in the warm tropical regions of western Mexico.

  • It can occur in the Zihua area, particularly where suitable tropical woodland and forest-edge habitat remain.

Habitat

  • Associated with tropical and subtropical forest, woodland edges, clearings, and secondary vegetation.

  • It is generally encountered in warm, relatively sheltered environments where flowering plants provide nectar and suitable larval host plants occur.

  • Like many small hairstreaks, it can be difficult to notice because adults often remain among foliage rather than making conspicuous flights.

Description

  • A small hairstreak, with a wingspan of approximately 25–32 mm.

  • The upper surface is predominantly brown to dark brown, with subtle coloration that can make the butterfly appear rather plain when viewed from above.

  • The underside is more distinctive, with a grayish to brown ground color crossed by fine darker lines and contrasting markings toward the hindwing.

  • The hindwing bears small tails, accompanied by the typical hairstreak pattern of contrasting markings near the anal angle.

  • A subtle orange or reddish spot near the hindwing anal area, together with pale and dark markings around the tail, can help separate it from other small brown hairstreaks.

  • Males and females are similar in general appearance, although differences in the extent of dark scaling and wing markings can occur.

  • Its restrained coloration and small size make it much easier to overlook than the brilliantly colored hairstreaks found in the same forests.

Thoria Hairstreak

Gargina thoria

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