• Animals (Kingdom Animalia)

• Chordates (Phylum Chordata)

• Vertebrates (Subphylum Vertebrata)

• Mammals (Class Mammalia)

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Class Mammalia includes more than 6,500 species of warm-blooded vertebrates distinguished by the presence of hair or fur, mammary glands that produce milk to nourish their young, and highly developed brains that support complex behaviour and learning. Mammals occupy virtually every habitat on Earth, from tropical rainforests and deserts to polar regions, oceans, freshwater ecosystems. Their diets vary widely and include plants, insects, fish, and other animals, reflecting an extraordinary diversity of feeding adaptations. Many species exhibit advanced social structures, parental care, communication, and problem-solving abilities, making Mammalia one of the most evolutionarily successful and ecologically influential groups of animals.