• Animals (Kingdom Animalia)

• Arthropods (Phylum Arthropoda)

• Hexapods (Subphylum Hexapoda)

• Insects (Class Insecta)

• Winged and Once-winged Insects (Subclass Pterygota)

• Butterflies and Moths (Order Lepidoptera)

• Butterflies (Superfamily Papilionoidea)

• Metalmark Butterflies Family Riodinidae

• True Metalmark Butterflies (Subfamily Riodininae)

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Subfamily Riodininae is the principal and largest subfamily of the family Riodinidae, commonly known as the metalmark butterflies. Comprising the vast majority of riodinid species, members of Riodininae are predominantly found in the tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, with smaller numbers occurring in Africa and Asia. These butterflies are generally small to medium-sized and are distinguished by their remarkable diversity of wing shapes, colours, and patterns, often featuring metallic silver, gold, or iridescent markings that give the family its common name.