Diet

• Primarily small flying insects, including flies, mosquitoes, gnats, beetles, moths, leafhoppers, and wasps.

• Also feeds on spiders and occasionally small berries.

• Hunts by making short aerial sallies from low perches and by gleaning insects from leaves and twigs.

Range

• Breeds from southeastern Alaska and British Columbia south through the western United States into northwestern Mexico.

• Winters from western Mexico south through Central America.

• In Mexico, it is a common winter visitor, including the Zihuatanejo region, where it inhabits tropical dry forests, woodland edges, riparian forests, shaded ravines, gardens, and second-growth woodland.

• Prefers wooded habitats with dense understory during the non-breeding season.

Male / Female

• Male: Olive-green upperparts, yellowish throat and breast, pale yellow belly, distinct white eye ring, and two buff wing bars. Slightly larger on average.

• Female: Nearly identical in plumage and coloration but generally slightly smaller.

• Sexes cannot be reliably distinguished in the field; they are best separated by behaviour during the breeding season or by measurements in the hand.

Size

• Length: 13–15 cm (5.1–5.9 in)

• Wingspan: 21–23 cm (8.3–9.1 in)

• Weight: 10–14 g