Diet

• Primarily insects and other small arthropods, including caterpillars, beetles, flies, aphids, leafhoppers, ants, and spiders.

• Also consumes small berries and other fleshy fruits during late summer, migration, and winter.

• Forages methodically through the canopy, gleaning insects from leaves and twigs and occasionally making short aerial sallies.

Range

• Breeds across much of Canada, the United States, and into northern Mexico.

• Winters from western and southern Mexico through Central America.

• A common winter visitor to the Zihuatanejo region, where it inhabits tropical dry forests, riparian woodlands, woodland edges, gardens, parks, and shaded plantations.

• Most frequently observed from October through April.

Male / Female

• Male: Plain olive-grey upperparts, whitish throat and underparts with a faint yellow wash on the flanks, pale eyebrow, dark eye line, and a slender grey bill. Slightly larger than the female.

• Female: Nearly identical in plumage but generally a little smaller and duller.

• Juveniles: Similar to adults but with buffier wing edges and a slightly yellower wash on the underparts.

• Sexes cannot be reliably distinguished in the field, as plumage differences are minimal.

Size

• Length: 11–14 cm (4.3–5.5 in)

• Wingspan: 20–24 cm (7.9–9.4 in)

• Weight: 10–16 g (0.35–0.56 oz)