-Animals (Kingdom Animalia)

-Arthropods (Phylum Arthropoda)

-Hexapods (Subphylum Hexapoda)

-Insects (Class Insecta)

-Winged and Once-winged Insects (Subclass Pterygota)

-Beetles (Order Coleoptera​​)

-​Water, Rove, Scarab, Long-horned, Leaf, and Snout Beetles (Suborder Polyphaga)haga)

-Scarabaeiform Beetles (Infraorder Scarabaeiformia)

-Scarabs, Stag Beetles, and Allies (Superfamily Scarabaeidae)

-Scarabs (Family Scarabaeidae)

-Dung Beetles (Subfamily Scarabaeinae)

The Scarabaeinae subfamily, commonly known as dung beetles, is a diverse and ecologically significant group within the family Scarabaeidae. These beetles are recognized for their unique behavior of using dung, which they roll, bury, and feed on, playing a critical role in nutrient cycling and soil aeration. These beetles form balls of dung and roll them away from the source, often burying them in a separate location to feed on or lay eggs in.