• Animals (Kingdom Animalia)

• Arthropods (Phylum Arthropoda)

• Hexapods (Subphylum Hexapoda)

• Insects (Class Insecta)

• Butterflies and Moths (Order Lepidoptera)

• Butterflies (Superfamily Papilionoidea)

• Brush-footed Butterflies (Family Nymphalidae)

• Checkerspots, Anglewings, Peacocks, and Allies (Subfamily Nymphalinae)

• Buckeyes, Commodores, and Allies (Tribe Junoniini)

• Buckeyes & Pansies (Genus Junonia)

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The genus Junonia is a widespread group of medium-sized butterflies within the family Nymphalidae. Commonly known as the buckeyes, species of Junonia occur throughout tropical and temperate regions of the world. These butterflies are best known for the prominent eye-like spots, or ocelli, on their wings, which help deter predators by mimicking the eyes of larger animals. Their wing coloration varies among species but commonly includes shades of brown, orange, tan, blue, purple, and black arranged in striking patterns. Junonia butterflies inhabit a wide range of environments, including grasslands, fields, roadsides, forest edges, wetlands, gardens, and disturbed habitats, where they are often seen basking in sunny locations with their wings spread open.